Instruments

An orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble that typically combines instruments from different families, including strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion.

Here's a more detailed breakdown:

• Size and Composition: Orchestras can vary in size, ranging from smaller chamber orchestras (around 15-40 players) to larger symphony orchestras (80-100+ players). The specific composition of instruments can also vary depending on the repertoire being performed.
• Instrument Families:
  • Strings: Violins, violas, cellos, and double basses form the core of the orchestra.
  • Woodwinds: Flutes, oboes, clarinets, and bassoons.
  • Brass: Trumpets, French horns, trombones, and tubas.
  • Percussion: Timpani, snare drum, bass drum, cymbals, and various other instruments.
  • Other Instruments: The harp and piano are sometimes included.
• Function: Orchestras perform a wide range of music, including classical symphonies, concertos, overtures, film scores, and contemporary compositions.
• Organization: Orchestras are typically led by a conductor who directs the ensemble's performance, interprets the musical score, and provides guidance on tempo, dynamics, and expression.

The playing of the pungi was banned in the royal residence by Emperor Aurangzeb.

He banned it because the instrument had a shrill, unpleasant sound.

Source: NCERT - Shehnai of Bismillah Khan

Yes, a piano is indeed an instrument.

Specifically, it is classified as a keyboard instrument and a stringed instrument because the sound is produced by hammers striking strings inside the piano when the keys are pressed.

For more details, you can refer to:

• Wikipedia - Piano

A piano is a keyboard instrument that produces sound when hammers strike strings. These hammers are activated by pressing keys on the keyboard. The struck strings vibrate, creating musical notes.

Here are some key characteristics of a piano:

• Keyboard: Features a range of keys, typically 88 in a full-sized piano, that correspond to different notes.
• Strings: Contains numerous strings stretched tightly across a frame. The length and thickness of the strings determine the pitch of the notes.
• Hammers: Small, felt-covered hammers strike the strings when a key is pressed.
• Soundboard: A large wooden board that amplifies the sound produced by the vibrating strings.
• Pedals: Usually has two or three pedals that modify the sound in various ways, such as sustaining notes or softening the tone.

Pianos come in two main types:

• Grand Pianos: Have a horizontal soundboard and strings. Known for their superior sound quality and dynamic range.
• Upright Pianos: Have a vertical soundboard and strings, making them more compact and suitable for smaller spaces.

For further reading, you can check out these resources:

• Wikipedia: Piano
• Britannica: Piano