An Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) is a waste water treatment facility that removes pollutants from industrial waste water, or effluent. ETPs are primarily used by industries that produce waste water with high concentrations of pollutants, such as chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, and food processing plants.

The purpose of an ETP is to treat the waste water to reduce its pollution load to meet environmental regulations before it is discharged into the environment or reused.

Key components and processes in a typical ETP include:

• Preliminary Treatment: Removal of large solids and debris through screening and grit removal.
• Primary Treatment: Sedimentation to remove suspended solids.
• Secondary Treatment: Biological processes to remove dissolved organic matter. This often involves the use of microorganisms.
• Tertiary Treatment: Advanced treatment processes to remove specific pollutants, such as nutrients or heavy metals.
• Sludge Treatment: Processing and disposal of the sludge generated during the treatment processes.

For more information, you can refer to these sources:

• Lenntech - Effluent Treatment
• Water & General Management Services - Effluent Treatment Plant