Main aspects of perennial care:

• Watering:

  Provide adequate water, especially during dry spells. Water deeply but infrequently to encourage deep root growth. Mulching helps retain moisture.

• Fertilizing:

  Fertilize in early spring as new growth emerges. Use a balanced fertilizer or one formulated for flowering plants. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can lead to leggy growth.

• Deadheading:

  Remove spent flowers to encourage more blooms and prevent self-seeding. This redirects the plant's energy into producing more flowers rather than seeds.

• Dividing:

  Divide overcrowded perennials every 2-5 years to rejuvenate them and prevent them from becoming less productive. Divide in early spring or fall, depending on the species. Dividing perennials, University of Minnesota Extension

• Mulching:

  Apply a layer of mulch around plants to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Organic mulches like shredded bark or compost also improve soil health as they decompose.

• Pruning:

  Cut back foliage in late fall or early spring after it has died back. Some perennials benefit from pruning or cutting back mid-season to encourage bushier growth or a second flush of blooms.

• Pest and Disease Control:

  Monitor plants for signs of pests or diseases. Take action promptly using appropriate methods, such as insecticidal soap, neem oil, or fungicides. Ensure good air circulation to prevent fungal diseases.

• Staking:

  Provide support for tall or floppy perennials to prevent them from bending or breaking. Use stakes, cages, or other supports as needed. Staking and supporting plants, University of Minnesota Extension