1. Macronutrients: These are nutrients needed in large amounts and provide the body with energy.

• Carbohydrates: The body's primary source of energy. They are broken down into glucose. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health on Carbohydrates
• Proteins: Essential for building and repairing tissues. They are made up of amino acids. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health on Protein
• Fats: Important for energy storage, hormone production, and insulation. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health on Fats

2. Micronutrients: These are needed in smaller amounts but are vital for various bodily functions.

• Vitamins: Organic compounds that regulate body processes. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health on Vitamins
• Minerals: Inorganic substances that play roles in bone health, fluid balance, and more. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health on Minerals

3. Water: Essential for hydration, nutrient transport, and temperature regulation.

• Crucial for almost every bodily function.

4. Digestion and Absorption: The processes by which the body breaks down food and absorbs nutrients.

• Digestion: Breaking down food into smaller components.
• Absorption: Transferring nutrients into the bloodstream.

5. Metabolism: The chemical processes that occur in the body to convert food into energy and build/repair tissues.

• Includes both anabolism (building up) and catabolism (breaking down).

6. Nutritional Requirements: Understanding the recommended daily intakes of various nutrients based on age, sex, activity level, and health status.

• Varies from person to person.

7. Food Sources: Identifying foods rich in specific nutrients to ensure a balanced diet.

• Fruits, vegetables, grains, proteins, and dairy.

8. Impact of Nutrition on Health: How diet affects the risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, and obesity.

• A balanced diet can reduce the risk of many diseases.