Benzene is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C₆H₆. It is a colorless and highly flammable liquid with a sweet odor. Benzene is a cyclic hydrocarbon with six carbon atoms joined in a ring with one hydrogen atom attached to each carbon atom.

Key characteristics of benzene:

• Structure: Benzene's structure consists of a ring of six carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds. This arrangement gives benzene unique stability and chemical properties.
• Aromaticity: Benzene is the archetypal aromatic compound. The term "aromatic" in chemistry originally referred to fragrant compounds, but now it describes cyclic, planar (flat) molecules with a system of pi electrons that are delocalized.
• Uses: Benzene is widely used in the chemical industry as a solvent and as an intermediate in the production of various chemicals, including plastics, resins, synthetic fibers, rubber, lubricants, dyes, detergents, and drugs.
• Health Concerns: Benzene is a known carcinogen. Long-term exposure to benzene can cause leukemia and other blood disorders. Because of its toxicity, the use of benzene is strictly regulated.
• Physical Properties: Benzene is a colorless liquid at room temperature. It is highly flammable and evaporates quickly. It has a relatively high melting point and boiling point compared to other hydrocarbons with similar molecular weights.

More information can be found at:

• American Cancer Society
• CDC