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Describe appendicitis, including its symptoms and treatment.
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Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a finger-shaped pouch that projects from your colon on the lower right side of your abdomen. Source: Mayo Clinic
- Cause: Appendicitis occurs when the appendix becomes blocked, often by stool, a foreign body, or cancer. Blockage can also occur from infection, as the appendix swells in response to any infection in the body.
- Complications: If left untreated, the appendix can rupture, spreading infection throughout your abdomen (peritonitis). This can be life-threatening and requires immediate surgery to remove the appendix and clean the abdominal cavity. Source: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Symptoms: Symptoms of appendicitis can vary, but commonly include:
- Sudden pain that begins around your navel and often shifts to your lower right abdomen
- Pain that worsens if you cough, walk, or make other jarring movements
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal bloating
- Fever
- Constipation or diarrhea
Treatment:
The standard treatment for appendicitis is surgical removal of the appendix, known as an appendectomy. This can be performed as an open surgery or laparoscopically (using small incisions and a camera). In some cases, antibiotics alone may be used to treat mild appendicitis. Source: Johns Hopkins Medicine
- Surgery (Appendectomy): Usually recommended to remove the inflamed appendix as quickly as possible.
- Antibiotics: May be used before surgery or, in some mild cases, as the primary treatment.