1. Phonological Awareness:

• Understanding Sounds: Recognize and manipulate the sounds in spoken words. This includes rhyming, identifying beginning and ending sounds, and breaking words into individual sounds (phonemes).

• Phoneme Blending: Practice blending individual sounds together to form words (e.g., /k/ /a/ /t/ = cat).

• Phoneme Segmentation: Break words down into their individual sounds (e.g., cat = /k/ /a/ /t/).

2. Phonics:

• Letter-Sound Correspondence: Learn the relationship between letters and their corresponding sounds.

• Decoding: Use phonics skills to sound out and read unfamiliar words.

• Common Spelling Patterns: Recognize common letter combinations and spelling patterns (e.g., "sh," "th," "ai," "igh").

3. Fluency:

• Practice Reading: Read regularly to improve speed, accuracy, and expression.

• Repeated Reading: Reread the same text multiple times to build fluency.

• Choral Reading: Read aloud in unison with others to improve pacing and pronunciation.

4. Vocabulary:

• Learn New Words: Actively expand your vocabulary through reading, direct instruction, and using context clues.

• Use a Dictionary: Look up unfamiliar words to understand their meaning and usage.

• Context Clues: Use the surrounding words and sentences to infer the meaning of unfamiliar words.

5. Comprehension:

• Understand the Text: Focus on understanding the meaning of what you are reading.

• Ask Questions: Ask yourself questions about the text (e.g., "What is the main idea?" "Who are the characters?" "What is the problem?").

• Make Connections: Relate what you are reading to your own experiences and knowledge.

• Summarize: Retell the main points of the text in your own words.

Tips for Improving Reading Skills:

• Read Regularly: Make reading a daily habit.

• Choose Interesting Material: Select books and articles that you find engaging.

• Find a Quiet Place: Read in a distraction-free environment.

• Take Breaks: If you start to feel tired or overwhelmed, take a short break.

• Read Aloud: Reading aloud can help improve fluency and comprehension.