Shadow education refers to supplemental academic instruction, typically provided outside of the regular school day. Let's consider what activities don't fit this description:

• Private Tutoring: Extra lessons, often one-on-one, focused on specific subjects. This is shadow education.
• Test Preparation Courses: Classes designed to improve performance on standardized tests. This is shadow education.
• After-School Enrichment Programs: Activities like sports, arts, or hobbies pursued after school that do not focus on academic subjects. This is NOT shadow education.
• Remedial Classes: Extra help provided by a school to struggling students during or after school hours. This can be considered shadow education, especially if it's outside the core curriculum and offered by a third party. ^[1]

Therefore, an after-school enrichment program that focuses on non-academic activities like sports or arts is not considered shadow education.