The "brain" of the computer is most commonly referred to as the Central Processing Unit (CPU).

• The CPU is responsible for executing instructions, performing calculations, and managing the flow of data within the computer system.
• It fetches instructions from memory, decodes them, and then executes them.
• Modern CPUs consist of billions of transistors etched onto a small silicon chip.

While the CPU is the primary processing unit, other components also contribute to the overall functionality of a computer's "brain":

• GPU (Graphics Processing Unit): Handles graphics and image processing.
• Memory (RAM): Provides temporary storage for data and instructions that the CPU is actively using.
• Motherboard: Connects all the different parts of the computer together.

For more information, you can refer to these resources:

1. Intel - Processor Numbers
2. AMD - Processors