This is the heart of the newspaper, responsible for content creation.

• Editor-in-Chief (or Executive Editor): The head of the editorial department, responsible for the overall editorial direction, policy, and content quality.
• Managing Editor: Oversees the day-to-day operations of the newsroom, coordinating different desks and ensuring deadlines are met.
• News Editor: Directs reporters, assigns stories, and manages the news-gathering process.
• City Editor/Local Editor: Focuses specifically on local news coverage.
• Desk Editors (e.g., Sports Editor, Business Editor, Features Editor, Opinion Editor): Oversee specific sections of the newspaper, managing reporters and content for their respective areas.
• Reporters: Gather information, conduct interviews, and write stories.
• Copy Editors/Sub-Editors: Review stories for grammar, style, accuracy, clarity, and ensure they adhere to editorial guidelines. They also write headlines and captions.
• Photo Editor: Manages photographers and selects images for publication.
• Photographers: Capture images to accompany stories.
• Graphic Designers/Illustrators: Create visual elements, infographics, and illustrations.
• Layout/Page Designers: Arrange text, images, and graphics on the page to create the final look of the newspaper.

Responsible for generating revenue through the sale of advertising space.

• Advertising Director: Oversees all advertising sales and marketing efforts.
• Sales Managers: Lead teams of advertising sales representatives.
• Advertising Sales Representatives: Sell ad space to businesses, negotiate rates, and manage client accounts.
• Classified Advertising Staff: Handle smaller, categorized advertisements.
• Ad Design/Layout: Often works with clients to design their advertisements.

Manages the distribution and delivery of the newspaper.

• Circulation Director: Oversees all aspects of newspaper distribution and subscriber management.
• Distribution Managers: Manage routes, carriers, and delivery logistics.
• Subscription Sales/Customer Service: Handles new subscriptions, renewals, and customer inquiries/complaints.
• Delivery Drivers/Carriers: The individuals who physically deliver newspapers.

Responsible for the physical printing of the newspaper.

• Production Director: Oversees the printing process.
• Pre-press Technicians: Prepare files for printing, ensuring quality and accuracy.
• Press Operators: Operate the printing presses.
• Bindery/Finishing Staff: Handle tasks like cutting, folding, and bundling the newspapers.

Manages the overall financial, human resources, and operational aspects of the company.

• Publisher (or CEO): The top executive, responsible for the overall business strategy and financial health of the newspaper.
• General Manager: Oversees daily business operations.
• Finance/Accounting Department: Manages budgets, payroll, billing, and financial reporting.
• Human Resources (HR) Department: Handles hiring, employee relations, benefits, and training.
• Legal Department (or Counsel): Provides legal advice, particularly concerning libel, copyright, and media law.
• Information Technology (IT): Manages computer systems, networks, and software.

With the shift to digital, this department (or integrated roles within existing departments) manages the newspaper's online presence.

• Digital Editor/Director of Digital Content: Oversees the website, social media, and other digital platforms.
• Web Developers/Designers: Maintain and improve the newspaper's website and digital infrastructure.
• Social Media Managers: Manage the newspaper's presence on social media platforms.
• Audience Engagement Specialists: Focus on growing and interacting with the online readership.
• Data Analysts: Track website traffic and reader behavior to inform content and business decisions.