Social Science

Anthropology is the study of humanity. It is a broad discipline that uses a holistic approach to understand different aspects of human existence.

Here's a breakdown of what anthropology encompasses:

• Scope: Anthropology examines human societies, cultures, and biology, encompassing past and present.
• Holistic Approach: It combines different approaches to get a complete picture of humanity.
• Four Main Fields:
  • Cultural Anthropology: Studies human societies and cultures, focusing on beliefs, practices, and social structures.
  • Archaeology: Explores past human societies by excavating and analyzing material remains.
  • Biological Anthropology: Examines the biological and evolutionary aspects of humans, including genetics, primatology, and human evolution.
  • Linguistic Anthropology: Studies the role of language in human societies and cultures.
• Goal: Anthropology aims to understand the human condition in all its complexity, promoting cross-cultural understanding and insights into human behavior.

More information on anthropology can be found at:

• American Anthropological Association

Here are two key differences between fundamental rights and ordinary rights:

1. Source of Authority and Protection:

   • Fundamental Rights: These rights are derived from the constitution and are guaranteed to all citizens. They are considered basic human rights and are protected by the constitution itself. Any law that violates a fundamental right can be declared unconstitutional by the courts. Constitution of India
   • Ordinary Rights: These rights are derived from ordinary laws passed by the legislature. They can be amended or repealed by the legislature through the regular law-making process.
2. Amendability:

   • Fundamental Rights: Altering fundamental rights usually requires a constitutional amendment, which involves a special majority in the legislature and, in some cases, ratification by the states. This makes it more difficult to change or revoke fundamental rights.
   • Ordinary Rights: Ordinary rights can be changed or revoked by simply amending or repealing the law that created them, which is a simpler process than amending the constitution.

The term "social" encompasses a broad range of meanings, generally relating to interactions and relationships between individuals or groups of people. It can refer to:

• Society and its organization: How people structure themselves into communities, cultures, and institutions.
• Interactions and relationships: How people communicate, cooperate, and compete with each other.
• Shared experiences and activities: Things people do together, such as socializing, working, or celebrating.
• Social issues and concerns: Problems and challenges that affect society, such as poverty, inequality, or discrimination.

Essentially, "social" pertains to anything involving the interactions and collective life of human beings within a community or society.