Ashoka, often referred to as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from c. 268 to 232 BCE. He is a significant figure in English literature and historical texts due to his conversion to Buddhism and his subsequent policies promoting peace, social welfare, and religious tolerance.

Key aspects often highlighted in English books about Ashoka include:

• His early life and conquest: Initially, Ashoka was an ambitious and ruthless ruler who expanded his empire through military conquests.
• The Kalinga War: The pivotal event that transformed Ashoka was the Kalinga War. The massive scale of death and destruction caused him deep remorse. Source
• Conversion to Buddhism: After witnessing the aftermath of the Kalinga War, Ashoka converted to Buddhism. This conversion profoundly influenced his policies and personal life. Source
• Pillars and Edicts: Ashoka is well-known for his edicts, which he had inscribed on pillars and rocks throughout his empire. These edicts promoted Buddhist principles, moral conduct, and social justice. Source
• Promotion of Dhamma: Ashoka propagated the concept of "Dhamma," which encompassed ethical behavior, compassion, and respect for all living beings.
• Legacy: Ashoka's reign is considered a golden period in Indian history. His contributions to the spread of Buddhism and his emphasis on righteous governance have made him a revered figure in both Indian and Buddhist traditions.

Therefore, in English books, Ashoka is generally depicted as a powerful emperor who, after a brutal war, embraced Buddhism and dedicated his life to promoting peace, justice, and ethical governance.