Folk tales and written literature differ in several key aspects:

• Origin and Transmission:
  • Folk Tales: Originate orally and are passed down through generations by word of mouth. Their authorship is usually unknown, and they evolve with each retelling.
  • Written Literature: Has a known author and is transmitted through written text, remaining relatively fixed once published.
• Authorship:
  • Folk Tales: Generally anonymous; the community or culture is considered the author.
  • Written Literature: Has a specific, identifiable author.
• Structure and Style:
  • Folk Tales: Often feature simple plots, stereotypical characters, and repetitive patterns to aid memorization and oral delivery. They commonly include archetypes and universal themes.
  • Written Literature: Can have complex plots, nuanced characters, and varied writing styles. Authors have more freedom to experiment with form and language.
• Variation:
  • Folk Tales: Exist in multiple versions, with variations arising from different storytellers and regions. The story adapts to its audience.
  • Written Literature: Exists in a definitive, fixed form. While interpretations may vary, the text remains constant.
• Purpose:
  • Folk Tales: Serve various purposes, including entertainment, education, moral instruction, and cultural preservation. They often explain natural phenomena or social customs.
  • Written Literature: Can serve a wide range of purposes, including artistic expression, social commentary, intellectual exploration, and entertainment.
• Setting and Characters:
  • Folk Tales: Often set in a vague or timeless past with characters that are easily recognizable such as heroes, villains, or tricksters.
  • Written Literature: Can have specific and detailed settings with complex and well-developed characters.